Citroën ont récemment lancé leur nouveau produit, la Citroën Ami, qui est un petit véhicule électrique sans permis qui gagne en popularité en se présentant comme une alternative durable à la voiture individuelle. Cependant, en regardant de plus près les implications de son utilisation, il apparaît que l’Ami peut en réalité être considérée comme un exemple de greenwashing de la part de la marque. Vendredi 17 mars 2023, une Ami s’est consumée en l’espace de 8 minutes suite à un faux contact lors du démarrage, sur le parking d’un lycée des Sables d’Olonne.
Greenwashing
Greenwashing est le terme utilisé pour décrire les efforts des entreprises pour se présenter comme écologiques, sans réellement changer leur pratique ou leur impact environnemental. Les plus grandes égéries de ce fameux mouvement se retrouvent dans notre quotidien. Pour ne pas les citer, on retrouve Total énergies en pole position grâce à leur changement d’identité visuelle qui appelle à la sympathie écologique ; Toyota, sur leur talons, grâce à leur quasi monopôle des brevets de voitures hybrides, qui s’acharnent à en venter des bienfaits environnementaux inexistants ; Et pour compléter le podium, Air France, avec leur communication sur leurs actions toujours plus risibles en comparaison des conséquences de leur activité principale, qui est de faire voler des avions. Néanmoins, dans cet article, nous traiterons d’un autre acteur du greenwashing : Citroën.
Quel est l’usage de l’Ami ?
Tout d’abord, il convient de souligner que l’Ami est loin d’être exempte des conséquences néfastes de la production et de l’utilisation des véhicules traditionnels. Bien qu’elle soit électrique, sa production nécessite de grandes quantités d’énergie et de matières premières, notamment pour la fabrication des batteries. Son autonomie limitée à 70km fait que l’Ami doit être rechargée fréquemment, ce qui nécessite encore plus d’énergie.
Mais ceci n’est que le problème bien connu des véhicules électriques classiques. Le concept même de l’Ami, bien spécifique, représente un phénomène bien plus néfaste et destructeur que le simple calcul des émissions de CO2eq. L’équation réunis deux facteurs : l’éducation au modèle de la voiture individuelle, et l’incitation à cette utilisation.
Une certaine catégorie de la société a donné à la petite citadine une utilité n’ayant pour but que d’accroître leur petit confort. En Vendée, notamment sur la côte, comme ici aux Sables d’Olonne, ce sont les véhicules utilisés par les lycéens qui se sont transformés. Les parents habitants en périphérie voir dans une ville différente que celle de l’établissement, préfèrent un moyen de transport plus sécuritaire que le traditionnel scooter : la petite citadine électrique (ou pas). L’Ami a fait un bond en popularité dans ces zones-là, on en trouve par dizaines sur les parkings, qui appartiennent aux jeunes.
Pourquoi l’Ami est une arnaque écologique ?
Plus de sécurité, on passe d’un scooter à essence à une mini voiturette électrique… Mais où est le problème me direz-vous ? Le problème se trouve dans la philosophie et l’idéal vendu par Citroën. Le modèle du tout voiture, développé par les USA principalement, a apporté une société construit pour la voiture, ignorant totalement le bien-être individuel, la pollution, la gestion de l’espace, ou le bruit. Il suffit de regarder où en sont les États-Unis aujourd’hui : une nouvelle génération qui maudit les précédentes pour leur avoir donné un monde aseptisé et inaccessible sans un véhicule motorisé. En France, et notamment dans les zones rurales, le problème devient le même. La voiture est devenu un outils indispensable, rien que pour aller faire ses courses. Malgré une évolution des transports en communs dans ces zones, cette habitude est encore bien présente, et cherche à être perpétuée par les constructeurs. Citroën vend à des jeunes adultes l’idéal de la liberté grâce à sa voiture individuelle. Comment apprendre à se passer de ce luxe lorsque l’on met à notre disposition des véhicules vendus comme un bénéfice à l’environnement ?
L’Ami est conçue pour un usage individuel, ce qui la rend peu adaptée à une utilisation collective. En encourageant l’utilisation de voitures individuelles plus petites, elle ne fait que perpétuer le modèle de la voiture individuelle, qui est à l’origine de la congestion et des émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans les zones urbaines. Selon un rapport de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé, les voitures individuelles sont responsables de 60 à 70% des émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans les zones urbaines. Plus de chiffres ici. Ainsi, en pensant bien faire puisque l’on nous vend tous ces véhicules à une place ou deux, électriques, comme LA solution au réchauffement climatique.
La seule voiture qui est bonne pour l’environnement, est une voiture qui n’est jamais construite.
Pour plus de conscience écologique, visitez les articles suivants :
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