Que l’on soit fan de foot ou pas, nous avons tous entendu parler depuis ces dernières semaines du Mondial 2022 au Qatar.
Gros sujet du moment, qui ne cesse de provoquer de nombreuses polémiques, que ça soit d’un point de vue social et humain avec plus de 6500 travailleurs (un chiffre sous-estimé selon les enquêtes) qui sont morts sur les chantiers de construction, en passant par les soupçons de corruption liés à l’attribution de cette Coupe. Mais qu’en est-il d’un point de vue environnemental ? Quel est le réel impact écologique de la Coupe du Monde au Qatar ?
Alors que nous vivons une période plus que cruciale pour la préservation de notre planète, il est inimaginable de voir de tels événements s’organiser. Cependant, d’après la FIFA et le Ministre de l’Environnement du Qatar, nous n’avons pas à nous inquiéter, la promesse d’un bilan carbone neutre de l’événement a été certifiée… Jusqu’où ira donc le greenwashing de la FIFA et du Qatar ?
Pour imager tout cela, voici un récapitulatif concret de l’aberration et de l’indécence écologique que ce grand événement sportif provoque :
Des émissions de CO2 représentant 18 millions A/R Paris-New York mais pas que !
La FIFA prévoit que cette coupe du Monde va émettre 3.6millions de tonnes de CO2 (soit 10% de ce qu’émet la France en un an). Là encore, un chiffre largement sous-estimé d’après l’ONG Carbon Market Watch, il faudrait le multiplier par 5, voir plus ! Ce qui reviendrait à 18 millions aller-retour PARIS-NEW YORK.
Cela dit, le plus gros poste d’émission de C02 pour cet événement reste le transport. D’après leurs estimations, pour le premier match France-Danemark, 3000 supporters français sont attendus à Doha ce qui représente une émission de CO2 de 4 800 tonnes soit l’empreinte carbone d’un français moyen pour 533 ans !
Enfin, le Qatar a une superficie trop petite pour accueillir tous les supporters souhaitant venir du monde entier. C’est pourquoi, la compagnie de vol Qatar Airways a annoncé qu’elle allait mettre en place 160 vols quotidiens avec les pays voisins. Ceci fera donc office de service de navette de la Coupe du Monde avec un avion toutes les 10min entre le Qatar et les pays voisins.
Climatisation de stades à ciel ouvert dans le désert
Le Qatar est situé en plein désert dans une des régions les plus chaudes du monde. Habituellement, le Mondial se déroulant en été, il a été exceptionnellement déplacé au début de l’hiver soit le 20 Novembre, car en été il fait 45° au Qatar. Cette problématique aurait pu naturellement dissuader les organisateurs mais non.
Alors pour faire face à ce problème de températures, des ventilateurs et des diffuseurs d’air conditionné ont été installés pour garantir le confort des joueurs et du public. Il y aura donc 7 sur 8 stades climatisés à ciel ouvert. Nous sommes là encore dans un exemple d’adaptation absurde à un climat qui n’est pas fait pour accueillir un Mondial de foot.
Pour se défendre, la FIFA et le Qatar indiquent que la climatisation sera alimentée par un champ de panneaux solaires équivalent à 1 400 terrains de football à 80km de Doha… Ce qui demande encore un ponctionnement important dans les ressources de plus en plus rares pour leurs constructions.
Le Qatar manque d’eau mais les pelouses seront bien vertes pendant les matchs
Au premier rang, le Qatar est un des pays les plus exposés au stress hydrique. Le dessalement de l’eau de mer est le premier moyen utilisé pour avoir de l’eau potable. Ce qui n’est pas sans conséquence sur l’environnement car c’est très énergivore et aussi très coûteux.
Afin d’assurer de belles pelouses vertes, le pays a mis en place un programme d’irrigation spécifique. Mais comme il y a peu de possibilité d’avoir de l’eau recyclée, par manque de pluie, l’eau utilisée sera donc potable pour arroser les terrains…On peut là encore se demander pourquoi ce Mondial se déroule donc au Qatar ?
Cette coupe du Monde représente donc une catastrophe environnementale, à l’heure où l’urgence écologique implique de transformer radicalement nos sociétés et réduire nos émissions à un rythme sans précédent. Pour le moment c’est le profit qui prime.
Ce Mondial a le mérite de mettre un vrai tournant, dans notre société car c’est la première manifestation sportive pendant laquelle on parle autant de l’urgence écologique. De plus, elle permet de créer un rapport de force avec la FIFA et ses partenaires économiques pour qu’enfin les instances du sport prennent leurs responsabilités.
Enfin, on voit une conscience sociétale naître avec le boycott de cet événement. 65% des Français seraient prêts à ne pas regarder les matchs, des bars ne souhaitent pas faire la diffusion des matchs ainsi que des communes comme des grandes villes comme Paris, Bordeaux, Lyon, Strasbourg ou encore Marseille, n’installeront pas de grands écrans pour la diffusion de la Coupe du Monde de foot 2022.
Article très intéressant. J’ai appris des choses. Et maintenant je pense que je peux dire, de manière mesurée, boycottez la FIFA, mangez les bourgeois et pendez les fachos ! Cordialement.
Et le bilan carbone de cet article vous y avez pensé ? Ah c’est bien beau de faire la.morale chez les autres mais faut penser à balayer devant chez sois, un site comme ça avec les photos c’est plusieurs millions d’octets transférer à travers le globe, sois une consolation électrique plus de 1000 fois supérieure à celle d’un français moyen ya 3 siècles… Et oui faut réfléchir un peu…
Cordialement.
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