Jusqu’en 1848, en France, le labeur forcé non rémunéré était la norme : l’esclavage.
Dans les années 1950 nous travaillions 48h par semaine.
En 2020, nous nous battons encore pour les 35h.
Et demain ? le tra-…il quoi ?
En travaillant 28 heures par semaine, on augmente son salaire de 10%, on travaille une journée de moins, et on crée 25% d’emplois. Oui m’dame.
La semaine de 4 jours est loin d’être une hérésie économique et sociale ; et c’est pour demain.
Ce n’est un secret pour personne : l’automatisation remplace peu à peu la main de l’homme, d’une productivité dérisoire par rapport à celle de la machine. La suppression de masse des emplois n’est qu’en réalité une preuve de l’amélioration de la condition humaine.
Exit les tâches déshumanisantes, pénibles et répétitives. Les machines sont de corvée et elles travaillent 24h/24 – 7j/7, tout ça sans demander d’augmentation, ni faire grève !
On comprend petit à petit que la technologie et le capital sont devenus LES vrais générateurs de valeur :
Lorsque Facebook débourse 1 milliard d’€ pour racheter Instagram et ses 13 employés (seulement), cela nous met la puce à l’oreille quant à la valeur de la force de travail « humaine ».
Fact : tous les 18 mois, les ordinateurs sont 2 fois moins chers, 2 fois plus performants et 2 fois plus petits.
Avec le « machine learning » et le « deep learning » tout laisse à penser qu’il n’y aura plus beaucoup de travail pour l’Homme… Vue comme ça, la scène peut vite tourner au drame. D’un point de vue sociologique, il s’agit d’une révolution incroyable qui nous permettra de disposer de la plus précieuse des ressources : le temps.
Du temps pour être humain. Du temps pour aimer, créer, être en famille, entre amis, voyager, aider notre communauté, les autres, apprendre…
Autrefois destiné à une élite, l’accès au « temps libre » s’est peu à peu démocratisé aux classes populaires (ouvriers/employés). Il n’a jamais cessé d’augmenter, en corrélation avec l’amélioration de la condition humaine, la baisse du temps de travail et l’augmentation de l’espérance de vie.
Mais aussi du « temps libre » où travailler sera considéré comme un loisir.
Les mutations technologiques liées à la crise de sens vécue par notre société vont faire prendre au « travail » une nouvelle tournure. Il faudra donner un sens beaucoup plus profond à ce mot ; voire même le changer quand on sait que « travail » vient du latin « tripalium », un instrument de torture utilisé dans la société Romaine pour punir les esclaves rebelles.
Un travail qui prend pour racines nos passions, nos envies les plus pures, un travail qui nous permettra d’exprimer nos pulsions créatives, nos désirs d’altruisme et où finalement chaque individu n’aura aucun devoir mais pour seul droit celui d’être heureux.
Alors ? Hâte d’être en 2035 ?
→ Une chaîne YouTube qui vaut le détour et qui raconte à quoi le futur pourrait ressembler.
En lien avec cet article : Intelligence artificielle et emploi : quel avenir ? à lire sur notre blog.
A bientôt sur Gnitekram !
J’adore cette vision utopico-philosophique du travail futuriste ! Bien joué 😉
Merci Charlie ! En espérant pouvoir toucher cette vision du doigt bientôt 😀
Article très intéressant. Mais comment va t’on financer les retraites pour les personnes âgées, notre sécurité sociale, et tous le reste ? bien sûr c’est une vision merveilleuse mais je crains que cela soit impossible sans mettre tout nos avantages sociaux en danger
En réalité, c’est tout à fait possible ! Grâce à un système de redistribution des richesses repensé. On parle déjà de taxer les robots, autrement dit de taxer les entreprises qui créent de la valeur sans avoir recours à une force de travail humaine. Un impôt qui permettrait de redistribuer ce « manque à gagner » sous forme de revenu universel par exemple.
Très intéressant !
Merci Adrien !
Vue très optimiste sur le devenir de l’emploi. Le travail rend il heureux? Ce besoin de reconnaissance passe t’il par le travail ou par la réalisation de son moi le plus profond? Les avancées technologiques sont elles une avancée extraordinaire pour ceux qui bien nées vivent dans des pays développés? Aident elles les populations des pays les plus démunis à moins vivre en grande pauvreté? Les activités de demain seront elles toujours des « métiers »? Merci à l’auteur de nous aider à nos poser de bonnes et belles questions. Quid du trans humanisme!!
Je suis très intéressé par ce genre de lectures, c’est très bien fait bravo!!
Arguments forts amenant une nouvelle vision du travail et de la société. Sous cet angle ça pourrait faire rêver et laisser penser que « là » se trouve la solution qui permettrait à la gente humaine de trouver équilibre, stabilité, bien-être, liberté de se laisser porter par sa propre créativité en toute conscience professionnelle. Le travail ne serait plus un « pensum » mais un loisir ! Confucius n’a-t-il pas dit : « choisissez un travail que vous aimez et vous n’aurez pas à travailler un seul jour de votre vie » ????? Quant à Karl Marx il disait : « Le domaine de la liberté commence là où s’arrête le travail déterminé par la nécessité »….. M. Bracciani
Bravo Johana pour ce super article, très bien écrit et qui nous en apprend toujours un peu plus 🙂
Belle conclusion, espérons que la société prenne cette direction de la meilleure façon
Très bel article, un beau moment d’eveil et d’evasion dans la lecture !
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