Les Jeux Olympiques de Beijing viennent de se terminer et ont été un sujet à bien des débats, nous avons déjà parlé de la situation sanitaire extrêmement stricte, mais aujourd’hui, nous allons évoquer la catastrophe écologique qu’ont été ces jeux.
De la neige artificielle :
Il est important de comprendre que quand on parle de jeux d’hiver on pense en premier : la NEIGE, pièce centrale de ces jeux. Il est donc surréaliste de penser que le Parc Olympique et les épreuves se déroulent dans une zone où il neige peu, voir rarement. Surréalisme qui n’est autre que réalité.
Et oui, ces jeux se feront sur de la neige synthétique, aberration pour les amoureux de la nature et de la glisse et nous donne tous un goût amer après les promesses de jeux « verts » et « propres ». Même s’il y a eu des efforts sur l’utilisation des énergies renouvelables, il est considéré comme irresponsable de faire des jeux d’hiver dans un lieu qui n’est pas apte à les recevoir.
Qu’est-ce que cela change ?
Vous pouvez me dire : « neige naturelle ou artificielle, en quoi ça change, je ne vois pas où est le problème ? ». Et bien, laissez-moi vous le conter de façon simple :
Pas de neige –> Neige artificielle –> Utilisation d’eau –> les jeux représentent une zone gigantesque –> Utilisation d’une quantité astronomique dans une zone déjà en pénurie.
« Selon des calculs très conservateurs, sur les dix sites de compétition de neige, à raison de 10.000 m3 de neige par hectare, il faudrait à peu près deux millions de m3 d’eau.»*
*géographe Carmen de Jong, de l’université de Strasbourg
On peut aussi parler des changements au niveau de l’écosystème et des perturbations que cela va provoquer. D’un point de vue sportif, la neige artificielle ne donne pas les mêmes sensations de glisse. Selon David Chastan, directeur de l’équipe de France de ski alpin : « La neige artificielle en elle-même ne change rien. Ce qui change c’est sa texture qui, apparemment, est très sèche en Chine à cause du froid » et va provoquer pour tous les athlètes un choix de matériel précis pour s’adapter à ce type de neige qui évolue à chaque instant.
Le danger futur :
Ces jeux soulèvent une question importante : l’ouverture des jeux à des villes qui n’ont pas les moyens démographiques et environnementaux pour les accueillir. Depuis les JO de Vancouver, nous crions au scandale pour l’utilisation de neige artificielle. En effet, Beijing n’est pas la première ville hôte à utiliser ce type de neige, mais c’est la première à l’utiliser à presque 100%.
De nombreux sportifs parlent de leurs déceptions de voir que ce type de pratique augmente dû à des raisons géopolitiques, et que de plus en plus de villes qui ne sont pas dans la capacité « météorologique » d’accueillir ce type de jeux augmentent, car il y a la possibilité d’utiliser la neige artificielle.
Pour terminer, le témoignage de Chloé Trespeuch, snowboardeuse française :
« Je suis un peu déçue qu’ils aient choisi un endroit qui n’est pas forcément adapté à la pratique des sports d’hiver et qu’il a fallu transformer ». « J’ai espoir qu’on en parle tous, qu’on fasse le constat que ça ne nous convient pas forcément d’avoir un impact aussi négatif sur la nature et que les prochains événements auront une plus grande préoccupation pour la planète. »
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